The weeks shown in color represent the start and end points of chemical exposure for each study.
| Study Results | Study Details | References |
Results for Dioxin (TCDD)Completely inhibited growth of ventral prostate through 90 days of age; decreased relative dorsolateral prostate weight at 35 days but not 90 days of age; decreased relative anterior prostate weight at 35 and 90 days of age; similar results for ductal growth |
Subjects: C57BL/6J mice Chemical: Dioxin (TCDD) Low doses tested: 5.0 μg/kg bw Route of administration: dissolved in corn oil and delivered through gavage Exposure duration: gestational day 13 – single dose (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 6 to day 1 of week 7) Age of measurement: from birth through 90 days of age |
Reference [PubMed Link] Ko K, Theobald HM, Peterson RE. 2002. In utero and lactational exposure to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in the C57BL/6J mouse prostate: Lobe-specific effects on branching morphogenesis. Toxicol Sci 70(2):227-237. |
| Study Results | Study Details | References |
Results for Dioxin (TCDD)Decreased seminal vesicle weight among those with in utero and lactational exposure but not among offspring cross-fostered to receive only in utero or only lactational exposure |
Subjects: AhRKO backcrossed to C57BL/6J mice Chemical: Dioxin (TCDD) Low doses tested: 5.0 μg/kg bw Route of administration: dissolved in corn oil and delivered orally Exposure duration: gestational day 13 – single dose (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 6 to day 1 of week 7) Age of measurement: 35 days of age |
Reference [PubMed Link] Lin TM, Simanainen U, Moore RW, Peterson RE. 2002. Critical windows of vulnerability for effects of 2,3,7,8- tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin on prostate and seminal vesicle development in C57BL/6 mice. Toxicol Sci 69(1):202-209. |
| Study Results | Study Details | References |
Results for Dioxin (TCDD)Decreased relative ventral, dorsolateral and anterior prostate weight, although significantly less so among offspring cross-fostered to receive only lactational exposure, with respectively similar findings for MP25 mRNA, Probasin mRNA and Renin-1 mRNA |
Subjects: AhRKO backcrossed to C57BL/6J mice Chemical: Dioxin (TCDD) Low doses tested: 5.0 μg/kg bw Route of administration: dissolved in corn oil and delivered orally Exposure duration: gestational day 13 – single dose (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 6 to day 1 of week 7) Age of measurement: 35 days of age |
Reference [PubMed Link] Lin TM, Simanainen U, Moore RW, Peterson RE. 2002. Critical windows of vulnerability for effects of 2,3,7,8- tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin on prostate and seminal vesicle development in C57BL/6 mice. Toxicol Sci 69(1):202-209. |
| Study Results | Study Details | References |
Results for Dioxin (TCDD)Decreased relative seminal vesicle weight at 100 days for sham castrated mice and at 510 days for both castrated and sham castrated mice |
Subjects: C57BL/6J mice Chemical: Dioxin (TCDD) Low doses tested: 5.0 μg/kg Route of administration: dissolved in corn oil and delivered through gavage Exposure duration: gestational day 13 – single dose (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 6 to day 1 of week 7) Age of measurement: 100 and 510 days of age |
Reference [PubMed Link] Fritz WA, Lin TM, Moore RW, Cooke PS, Peterson RE. 2005. In utero and lactational 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin exposure: effects on the prostate and its response to castration in senescent C57BL/6J mice. Toxicol Sci 86(2):387-395. |
| Study Results | Study Details | References |
Results for Dioxin (TCDD)Decreased relative ventral prostate weight; decreased dorsolateral prostate weight at 510 days in castrated mice; increased relative anterior prostate weight at 510 days of age for sham castrated mice; decreased relative anterior prostate weight at 510 days of age for castrated mice; decreased relative level of probasin mRNA at 510 days of age for castrated mice; increased percentage of dorsolateral prostatic ducts with cribriform-like architecture at 510 days |
Subjects: C57BL/6J mice Chemical: Dioxin (TCDD) Low doses tested: 5.0 μg/kg Route of administration: dissolved in corn oil and delivered through gavage Exposure duration: gestational day 13 – single dose (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 6 to day 1 of week 7) Age of measurement: 100 and 510 days of age |
Reference [PubMed Link] Fritz WA, Lin TM, Moore RW, Cooke PS, Peterson RE. 2005. In utero and lactational 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin exposure: effects on the prostate and its response to castration in senescent C57BL/6J mice. Toxicol Sci 86(2):387-395. |
| Study Results | Study Details | References |
Results for Dioxin (TCDD)Decreased relative epididymus weight for wild type mice at 21 and 35 days of age |
Subjects: C57BL/6 mice Chemical: Dioxin (TCDD) Low doses tested: 5.0 μg/kg/bw Route of administration: dissolved in corn oil and delivered orally Exposure duration: gestational day 13 – single dose (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 6 to day 1 of week 7) Age of measurement: 21, 35, and 90 days of age |
Reference [PubMed Link] Lin TM, Ko K, Moore RW, Buchanan DL, Cooke PS, Peterson RE. 2001. Role of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor in the development of control and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin-exposed male mice. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health-Part a 64(4):327-342. |
| Study Results | Study Details | References |
Results for Dioxin (TCDD)Decreased relative testes weight for wild type mice at 21 and 35 days of age |
Subjects: C57BL/6 mice Chemical: Dioxin (TCDD) Low doses tested: 5.0 μg/kg/bw Route of administration: dissolved in corn oil and delivered orally Exposure duration: gestational day 13 – single dose (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 6 to day 1 of week 7) Age of measurement: 21, 35, and 90 days of age |
Reference [PubMed Link] Lin TM, Ko K, Moore RW, Buchanan DL, Cooke PS, Peterson RE. 2001. Role of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor in the development of control and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin-exposed male mice. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health-Part a 64(4):327-342. |
| Study Results | Study Details | References |
Results for Dioxin (TCDD)Decreased number of dorsolateral and ventral prostatic epithelial buds in the urogenital sinus of male wild type (but not AhRKO) mice on gestational day 18 |
Subjects: C57BL/6 mice Chemical: Dioxin (TCDD) Low doses tested: 5.0 μg/kg/bw Route of administration: dissolved in corn oil and delivered orally Exposure duration: gestational day 13 – single dose (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 6 to day 1 of week 7) Age of measurement: gestational day 15 through gestational day 19 |
Reference [PubMed Link] Lin TM, Rasmussen NT, Moore RW, Albrecht RM, Peterson RE. 2003. Region-specific inhibition of prostatic epithelial bud formation in the urogenital sinus of C57BL/6 mice exposed in utero to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. Toxicol Sci 76(1):171-181. |
| Study Results | Study Details | References |
Results for Dioxin (TCDD)Decreased dorsolateral bud number, inhibited ventral budding and dislocated dorsal and lateral buds. |
Subjects: C57BL/6 mice Chemical: Dioxin (TCDD) Low doses tested: 5.0 μg/kg bw Route of administration: dissolved in corn oil and adminstered orally Exposure duration: gestational day 13.5 – single dose (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 6 to day 1 of week 7) Age of measurement: gestational day 18.5 |
Reference [PubMed Link] Allgeier SH, Vezina CM, Lin TM, Moore RW, Silverstone AE, Mukai M, Gavalchin J, Cooke PS, Peterson RE. 2009. Estrogen signaling is not required for prostatic bud patterning or for its disruption by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 239(1):80-86. |
| Study Results | Study Details | References |
Results for Dioxin (TCDD)Increased age at preputial separation (puberty); decreased caudal epididymal weight; decreased seminal vesicle weight |
Subjects: Long Evans Hooded rats Chemical: Dioxin (TCDD) Low doses tested: 1.0 μg/kg bw Route of administration: dissolved in corn oil and delivered through gavage Exposure duration: gestational day 15 – single dose (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 6 to day 1 of week 7) Age of measurement: birth through adulthood |
Reference [PubMed Link] Gray LE, Wolf C, Mann P, Ostby JS. 1997. In utero exposure to low doses of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin alters reproductive development of female Long Evans Hooded rat offspring. Toxicology & Applied Pharmacology 146(2):237-244. |
| Study Results | Study Details | References |
Results for Dioxin (TCDD)Decreased paired testes weight; decreased caudal epididymal sperm numbers and ejaculated sperm count; decreased fertility (implants/female) |
Subjects: Long Evans Hooded rats Chemical: Dioxin (TCDD) Low doses tested: 1.0 μg/kg bw Route of administration: dissolved in corn oil and delivered through gavage Exposure duration: gestational day 15 – single dose (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 6 to day 1 of week 7) Age of measurement: birth through adulthood |
Reference [PubMed Link] Gray LE, Wolf C, Mann P, Ostby JS. 1997. In utero exposure to low doses of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin alters reproductive development of female Long Evans Hooded rat offspring. Toxicology & Applied Pharmacology 146(2):237-244. |
| Study Results | Study Details | References |
Results for Dioxin (TCDD)Increased age at puberty at two higher doses; at higher doses and varying time points, decreased epididymal sperm numbers, decreased seminal vesicle weight, paired and cauda epididymis weight, and glans penis weight |
Subjects: Long Evans Hooded rats Chemical: Dioxin (TCDD) Low doses tested: 0.05, 0.20 or 0.80 μg/kg bw Route of administration: dissolved in corn oil and delivered through gavage Exposure duration: gestational day 15 – single dose (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 6 to day 1 of week 7) Age of measurement: birth through adulthood |
Reference [PubMed Link] Gray LE Jr., Ostby JS, Kelce WR. 1997. A dose-response analysis of the reproductive effects of a single gestational dose of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in male Long Evans Hooded rat offspring. Toxicology & Applied Pharmacology 146(1):11-20. |
| Study Results | Study Details | References |
Results for Dioxin (TCDD)Decreased ventral prostate weight at 0.8 μg/kg at 49 days of age |
Subjects: Long Evans Hooded rats Chemical: Dioxin (TCDD) Low doses tested: 0.05, 0.20 or 0.80 μg/kg bw Route of administration: dissolved in corn oil and delivered through gavage Exposure duration: gestational day 15 – single dose (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 6 to day 1 of week 7) Age of measurement: birth through adulthood |
Reference [PubMed Link] Gray LE Jr., Ostby JS, Kelce WR. 1997. A dose-response analysis of the reproductive effects of a single gestational dose of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in male Long Evans Hooded rat offspring. Toxicology & Applied Pharmacology 146(1):11-20. |
| Study Results | Study Details | References |
Results for Dioxin (TCDD)Decreased ejaculated sperm numbers at 0.8 μg/kg at 15 months of age |
Subjects: Long Evans Hooded rats Chemical: Dioxin (TCDD) Low doses tested: 0.05, 0.20 or 0.80 μg/kg bw Route of administration: dissolved in corn oil and delivered through gavage Exposure duration: gestational day 15 – single dose (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 6 to day 1 of week 7) Age of measurement: birth through adulthood |
Reference [PubMed Link] Gray LE Jr., Ostby JS, Kelce WR. 1997. A dose-response analysis of the reproductive effects of a single gestational dose of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in male Long Evans Hooded rat offspring. Toxicology & Applied Pharmacology 146(1):11-20. |
| Study Results | Study Details | References |
Results for Dioxin (TCDD)Decreased epididymis and cauda epididymis weights at most doses and all ages; decreased cauda epididymal sperm at at all doses for both relevant (older) ages. |
Subjects: Holtzman rats Chemical: Dioxin (TCDD) Low doses tested: 0.064, 0.16, 0.40 or 1.0 μg/kg bw Route of administration: dissolved in corn oil and fed orally Exposure duration: gestational day 15 – single dose (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 6 to day 1 of week 7) Age of measurement: 32, 49, 63 and 120 days of age |
Reference [PubMed Link] Mably TA, Bjerke DL, Moore RW, Gendron-Fitzpatrick A, Peterson RE. 1992. In utero and lactational exposure of male rats to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. 3. Effects on spermatogenesis and reproductive capability. Toxicology & Applied Pharmacology 114(1):118-126. |
| Study Results | Study Details | References |
Results for Dioxin (TCDD)Decreased testes weight in juveniles (32 days) but not older ages; decreased daily sperm production at all three relevant (older) ages and nearly all doses. |
Subjects: Holtzman rats Chemical: Dioxin (TCDD) Low doses tested: 0.064, 0.16, 0.40 or 1.0 μg/kg bw Route of administration: dissolved in corn oil and fed orally Exposure duration: gestational day 15 – single dose (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 6 to day 1 of week 7) Age of measurement: 32, 49, 63 and 120 days of age |
Reference [PubMed Link] Mably TA, Bjerke DL, Moore RW, Gendron-Fitzpatrick A, Peterson RE. 1992. In utero and lactational exposure of male rats to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. 3. Effects on spermatogenesis and reproductive capability. Toxicology & Applied Pharmacology 114(1):118-126. |
| Study Results | Study Details | References |
Results for Dioxin (TCDD)Increased age at preputial separation; decreased relative weight of the coagulating gland at 63 days of age |
Subjects: Holtzman rats Chemical: Dioxin (TCDD) Low doses tested: 1.0 μg/kg bw Route of administration: dissolved in corn oil and delivered orally Exposure duration: gestational day 15 – single dose (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 6 to day 1 of week 7) Age of measurement: birth through 63 days of age |
Reference [PubMed Link] Roman BL, Sommer RJ, Shinomiya K, Peterson RE. 1995. In utero and lactational exposure of the male rat to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin - Impaired prostate growth and development without inhibited androgen production. Toxicology & Applied Pharmacology 134(2):241-250. |
| Study Results | Study Details | References |
Results for Dioxin (TCDD)Decreased relative ventral prostate and dorsolateral prostate weight at 21 through 63 days of age; decreased DHT concentration in the ventral prostate at 21 days of age only |
Subjects: Holtzman rats Chemical: Dioxin (TCDD) Low doses tested: 1.0 μg/kg bw Route of administration: dissolved in corn oil and delivered orally Exposure duration: gestational day 15 – single dose (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 6 to day 1 of week 7) Age of measurement: birth through 63 days of age |
Reference [PubMed Link] Roman BL, Sommer RJ, Shinomiya K, Peterson RE. 1995. In utero and lactational exposure of the male rat to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin - Impaired prostate growth and development without inhibited androgen production. Toxicology & Applied Pharmacology 134(2):241-250. |
| Study Results | Study Details | References |
Results for Dioxin (TCDD)Decreased relative testes weight at 63 days of age but not at earlier time points; varying effects on 3α-diol production |
Subjects: Holtzman rats Chemical: Dioxin (TCDD) Low doses tested: 1.0 μg/kg bw Route of administration: dissolved in corn oil and delivered orally Exposure duration: gestational day 15 – single dose (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 6 to day 1 of week 7) Age of measurement: birth through 63 days of age |
Reference [PubMed Link] Roman BL, Sommer RJ, Shinomiya K, Peterson RE. 1995. In utero and lactational exposure of the male rat to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin - Impaired prostate growth and development without inhibited androgen production. Toxicology & Applied Pharmacology 134(2):241-250. |
| Study Results | Study Details | References |
Results for Dioxin (TCDD)Decreased absolute and relative ventral and dorsolateral prostate weights at several time points; increased CYP1A1 mRNA and protein from 7 to 21 days of age; transient decreases in several androgen-regulated mRNAs |
Subjects: Holtzman rats Chemical: Dioxin (TCDD) Low doses tested: 1.0 μg/kg bw Route of administration: delivered orally Exposure duration: gestational day 15 – single dose (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 6 to day 1 of week 7) Age of measurement: birth through adulthood |
Reference [PubMed Link] Roman BL, Peterson RE. 1998. In utero and lactational exposure of the male rat to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin impairs prostate development: 1 - Effects on gene expression. Toxicology & Applied Pharmacology 150(2):240-253. |
| Study Results | Study Details | References |
Results for Dioxin (TCDD)Decreased number of epithelial buds emerging from dorsal, lateral and ventral regions of the urogenital sinus; decreased length of urethra along which buds were present in the dorsal region; decreased incorporation of BrdU during the 1-h labeling period in the ventral prostate at post-natal day 1 that then increased compared to controls at day 32; numerous immunohistochemical effects on the ventral prostate; decreased percentage of epithelium at post-natal day 21 and increased thickness of smooth muscle sheath at post-natal days 21 and 32. |
Subjects: Holtzman rats Chemical: Dioxin (TCDD) Low doses tested: 1.0 μg/kg bw Route of administration: delivered orally Exposure duration: gestational day 15 – single dose (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 6 to day 1 of week 7) Age of measurement: birth through 32 days of age |
Reference [PubMed Link] Roman BL, Timms BG, Prins GS, Peterson RE. 1998. In utero and lactational exposure of the male rat to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin impairs prostate development: 2 - Effects on growth and cytodifferentiation. Toxicology & Applied Pharmacology 150(2):254-270. |
| Study Results | Study Details | References |
Results for Dioxin (TCDD)Delayed separation of prepuce form the glans penis by two days; increased relative weights of corpus epididymis and vas deferens |
Subjects: Holtzman rats Chemical: Dioxin (TCDD) Low doses tested: 1.0 μg/kg bw Route of administration: delivered orally Exposure duration: gestational day 15 – single dose (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 6 to day 1 of week 7) Age of measurement: in adulthood |
Reference [PubMed Link] Sommer RJ, Ippolito DL, Peterson RE. 1996. In utero and lactational exposure of the male Holtzman rat to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin - Decreased epididymal and ejaculated sperm numbers without alterations in sperm transit rate. Toxicology & Applied Pharmacology 140(1):146-153. |
| Study Results | Study Details | References |
Results for Dioxin (TCDD)Decreased relative weight of ventral prostate |
Subjects: Holtzman rats Chemical: Dioxin (TCDD) Low doses tested: 1.0 μg/kg bw Route of administration: delivered orally Exposure duration: gestational day 15 – single dose (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 6 to day 1 of week 7) Age of measurement: in adulthood |
Reference [PubMed Link] Sommer RJ, Ippolito DL, Peterson RE. 1996. In utero and lactational exposure of the male Holtzman rat to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin - Decreased epididymal and ejaculated sperm numbers without alterations in sperm transit rate. Toxicology & Applied Pharmacology 140(1):146-153. |
| Study Results | Study Details | References |
Results for Dioxin (TCDD)Decreased daily sperm production; decreased sperm numbers (but not transit time) in the corpus and cauda epididymis and vas deferens; decreased ejaculated sperm numbers |
Subjects: Holtzman rats Chemical: Dioxin (TCDD) Low doses tested: 1.0 μg/kg bw Route of administration: delivered orally Exposure duration: gestational day 15 – single dose (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 6 to day 1 of week 7) Age of measurement: in adulthood |
Reference [PubMed Link] Sommer RJ, Ippolito DL, Peterson RE. 1996. In utero and lactational exposure of the male Holtzman rat to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin - Decreased epididymal and ejaculated sperm numbers without alterations in sperm transit rate. Toxicology & Applied Pharmacology 140(1):146-153. |
| Study Results | Study Details | References |
Results for Dioxin (TCDD)Increased ano-genital distance/body weight at 1.0 μg/kg at 5 days of age; at 62 days of age, decreased seminal vesicle weight and prostate weight at two higher doses, decreased epididymal weight at 2.0 μg/kg, decreased number of sperm in the epididymis and decreased sperm transit time through the epididymis tail at the two higher doses |
Subjects: Sprague-Dawley rats Chemical: Dioxin (TCDD) Low doses tested: 0.5 1.0 or 2.0 μg/kg bw Route of administration: dissolved in corn oil and delivered orally Exposure duration: gestational day 15 – single dose (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 6 to day 1 of week 7) Age of measurement: birth through 62 days of age |
Reference [PubMed Link] Wilker C, Johnson L, Safe S. 1996. Effects of developmental exposure to indole-3-carbinol or 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin on reproductive potential of male rat offspring. Toxicology & Applied Pharmacology 141(1):68-75. |
| Study Results | Study Details | References |
Results for Dioxin (TCDD)Decreased testicular parenchymal weight at 2.0 μg/kg at 62 days of age; decreased ratio of elongated spermatids to Sertoli cell number at 1.0 μg/kg at 62 days of age |
Subjects: Sprague-Dawley rats Chemical: Dioxin (TCDD) Low doses tested: 0.5 1.0 or 2.0 μg/kg bw Route of administration: dissolved in corn oil and delivered orally Exposure duration: gestational day 15 – single dose (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 6 to day 1 of week 7) Age of measurement: birth through 62 days of age |
Reference [PubMed Link] Wilker C, Johnson L, Safe S. 1996. Effects of developmental exposure to indole-3-carbinol or 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin on reproductive potential of male rat offspring. Toxicology & Applied Pharmacology 141(1):68-75. |
| Study Results | Study Details | References |
Results for Dioxin (TCDD)Decreased AhR protein concentration in the ventral and dorsolateral prostate at 7 days of age but increased it at 21 days of age; decreased ARNT protein concentration in the dorsolateral prostate at 7 days of age |
Subjects: Holtzman rats Chemical: Dioxin (TCDD) Low doses tested: 1.0 μg/kg bw Route of administration: delivered orally Exposure duration: gestational day 15 – single dose (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 6 to day 1 of week 7) Age of measurement: birth through 21 days of age |
Reference [PubMed Link] Sommer RJ, Sojka KM, Pollenz RS, Cooke PS, Peterson RE. 1999. Ah receptor and arnt protein and mRNA concentrations in rat prostate: Effects of stage of development and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin treatment. Toxicology & Applied Pharmacology 155(2):177-189. |
| Study Results | Study Details | References |
Results for Dioxin (TCDD)Decreased ventral and dorsolateral prostate weight at 21 days of age and also at 32 days for ventral prostate only; marked immunohistochemical effects in the ventral prostate that tended to decrease with age; decreased cauda epididymal sperm numbers at 63 days of age |
Subjects: Holtzman rats Chemical: Dioxin (TCDD) Low doses tested: 0.25 μg/kg bw Route of administration: dissolved in corn oil and delivered through gavage Exposure duration: gestational day 15 – single dose (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 6 to day 1 of week 7) Age of measurement: birth through 63 days of age |
Reference [PubMed Link] Loeffler IK, Peterson RE. 1999. Interactive effects of TCDD and p,p ’-DDE on male reproductive tract development in in utero and lactationally exposed rats. Toxicology & Applied Pharmacology 154(1):28-39. |
| Study Results | Study Details | References |
Results for Dioxin (TCDD)Decreased prostate weight and increased 5α-Reductase at 14 and 21 days of age; in cultured ventral prostates, decreased androgen-dependent stimulation of C3 mRNA synthesis and various immunohistochemical effects on epithelial cells |
Subjects: Holtzman rats Chemical: Dioxin (TCDD) Low doses tested: 1.0 μg/kg Route of administration: dissolved in corn oil and delivered orally Exposure duration: gestational day 15 – single dose (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 6 to day 1 of week 7) Age of measurement: gestational day 18 and post-natally through 32 days of age |
Reference [PubMed Link] Theobald HM, Roman BL, Lin TM, Ohtani S, Chen SW, Peterson RE. 2000. 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin inhibits luminal cell differentiation and androgen responsiveness of the ventral prostate without inhibiting prostatic 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone formation or testicular androgen production in rat offspring. Toxicol Sci 58(2):324-338. |
| Study Results | Study Details | References |
Results for Dioxin (TCDD)Decreased paired relative epididymal and cauda epididymal weights; decreased cauda sperm reserve; decreased anogenital distance; decreased urogenital-glans penis length; decreased urogenital complex weight |
Subjects: Sprague-Dawley rats Chemical: Dioxin (TCDD) Low doses tested: 1.0 μg/kg Route of administration: dissolved in DMSO and delivered orally Exposure duration: gestational day 15 – single dose (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 6 to day 1 of week 7) Age of measurement: 70 days of age |
Reference [PubMed Link] Ohsako S, Miyabara Y, Sakaue M, Ishimura R, Kakeyama M, Izumi H, Yonemoto J, Tohyama C. 2002. Developmental stage-specific effects of perinatal 2,3,7,8- tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin exposure on reproductive organs of male rat offspring. Toxicol Sci 66(2):283-292. |
| Study Results | Study Details | References |
Results for Dioxin (TCDD)Decreased ventral prostate weight; decreased AR mRNA levels |
Subjects: Sprague-Dawley rats Chemical: Dioxin (TCDD) Low doses tested: 1.0 μg/kg Route of administration: dissolved in DMSO and delivered orally Exposure duration: gestational day 15 – single dose (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 6 to day 1 of week 7) Age of measurement: 70 days of age |
Reference [PubMed Link] Ohsako S, Miyabara Y, Sakaue M, Ishimura R, Kakeyama M, Izumi H, Yonemoto J, Tohyama C. 2002. Developmental stage-specific effects of perinatal 2,3,7,8- tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin exposure on reproductive organs of male rat offspring. Toxicol Sci 66(2):283-292. |
| Study Results | Study Details | References |
Results for Dioxin (TCDD)Decreased expression of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein mRNA (StAR) and steroidogenic enzymes cytochrome P450 11A1, 17, and 11B1, and decreased 3 beta - hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase ( 3Beta-HSD) in fetal testis; decreased ability to use progesterone and produce 17-hydroxylated metabolite in fetal testicular homogenate; decreased transcriptional positive regulatory factor SF-1 mRNA in fetal testis; decreased expression of testicular ERα and AR mRNAs |
Subjects: Wistar rats Chemical: Dioxin (TCDD) Low doses tested: 1.0 μg/kg bw Route of administration: dissolved in corn oil and delivered orally Exposure duration: gestational day 15 – single dose (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 6 to day 1 of week 7) Age of measurement: gestational day 20 |
Reference [PubMed Link] Mutoh J, Taketoh J, Okamura K, Kagawa T, Ishida T, Ishii Y, Yamada H. 2006. Fetal pituitary gonadotropin as an initial target of dioxin in its impairment of cholesterol transportation and steroidogenesis in rats. Endocrinology 147(2):927-936. |
| Study Results | Study Details | References |
Results for Dioxin (TCDD)Decreased weight of urogenital complex at 0.2 and 0.8 μg/kg at 120 days of age; decreased anogenital distance at 0.05 μg/kg and higher doses at 120 days of age |
Subjects: Holtzman rats Chemical: Dioxin (TCDD) Low doses tested: 0.0125, 0.05, 0.2 or 0.8 μg/kg bw Route of administration: dissolved in corn oil and delivered orally Exposure duration: gestational day 15 – single dose (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 6 to day 1 of week 7) Age of measurement: 49 and 120 days of age |
Reference [PubMed Link] Ohsako S, Miyabara Y, Nishimura N, Kurosawa S, Sakaue M, Ishimura R, Sato M, Takeda K, Aoki Y, Sone H, Tohyama C, Yonemoto J. 2001. Maternal exposure to a low dose of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) suppressed the development of reproductive organs of male rats: dose-dependent increase of mRNA levels of 5 alpha-reductase type 2 in contrast to decrease of androgen receptor in the pubertal ventral prostate. Toxicol Sci 60(1):132-143. |
| Study Results | Study Details | References |
Results for Dioxin (TCDD)Decreased prostate weight at 0.8 μg/kg at 49 days of age and at 0.2 and 0.8 μg/kg at 120 days of age; increased 5 α-reductase type 2 mRNA level at 0.2 and 0.8 μg/kg at 49 days of age; decreased androgen receptor mRNA at 0.0125 μg/kg and higher doses at 49 days of age |
Subjects: Holtzman rats Chemical: Dioxin (TCDD) Low doses tested: 0.0125, 0.05, 0.2 or 0.8 μg/kg bw Route of administration: dissolved in corn oil and delivered orally Exposure duration: gestational day 15 – single dose (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 6 to day 1 of week 7) Age of measurement: 49 and 120 days of age |
Reference [PubMed Link] Ohsako S, Miyabara Y, Nishimura N, Kurosawa S, Sakaue M, Ishimura R, Sato M, Takeda K, Aoki Y, Sone H, Tohyama C, Yonemoto J. 2001. Maternal exposure to a low dose of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) suppressed the development of reproductive organs of male rats: dose-dependent increase of mRNA levels of 5 alpha-reductase type 2 in contrast to decrease of androgen receptor in the pubertal ventral prostate. Toxicol Sci 60(1):132-143. |
| Study Results | Study Details | References |
Results for Dioxin (TCDD)Decreased relative testicular weight at 0.05 μg/kg at 120 days of age |
Subjects: Holtzman rats Chemical: Dioxin (TCDD) Low doses tested: 0.0125, 0.05, 0.2 or 0.8 μg/kg bw Route of administration: dissolved in corn oil and delivered orally Exposure duration: gestational day 15 – single dose (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 6 to day 1 of week 7) Age of measurement: 49 and 120 days of age |
Reference [PubMed Link] Ohsako S, Miyabara Y, Nishimura N, Kurosawa S, Sakaue M, Ishimura R, Sato M, Takeda K, Aoki Y, Sone H, Tohyama C, Yonemoto J. 2001. Maternal exposure to a low dose of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) suppressed the development of reproductive organs of male rats: dose-dependent increase of mRNA levels of 5 alpha-reductase type 2 in contrast to decrease of androgen receptor in the pubertal ventral prostate. Toxicol Sci 60(1):132-143. |
| Study Results | Study Details | References |
Results for Dioxin (TCDD)Decreased morphometric parameters of the seminal vesicles and urethra in males located in the uterus between two other males |
Subjects: Holtzman rats Chemical: Dioxin (TCDD) Low doses tested: 1.0 μg/kg bw Route of administration: dissolved in corn oil and delivered orally Exposure duration: gestational day 15 – single dose (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 6 to day 1 of week 7) Age of measurement: gestational days 18 through 21 |
Reference [PubMed Link] Timms BG, Peterson RE, vom Saal FS. 2002. 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin interacts with endogenous estradiol to disrupt prostate gland morphogenesis in male rat fetuses. Toxicol Sci 67(2):264-274. |
| Study Results | Study Details | References |
Results for Dioxin (TCDD)Decreased prostatic buds, and their morphometric parameters, in various regions and time points, depending on intrauterine position |
Subjects: Holtzman rats Chemical: Dioxin (TCDD) Low doses tested: 1.0 μg/kg bw Route of administration: dissolved in corn oil and delivered orally Exposure duration: gestational day 15 – single dose (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 6 to day 1 of week 7) Age of measurement: gestational days 18 through 21 |
Reference [PubMed Link] Timms BG, Peterson RE, vom Saal FS. 2002. 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin interacts with endogenous estradiol to disrupt prostate gland morphogenesis in male rat fetuses. Toxicol Sci 67(2):264-274. |
| Study Results | Study Details | References |
Results for Dioxin (TCDD)Increased time to balano-preputial separation (BPS) at 1.0 μg/kg; increased epididymis weight at 0.20 μg/kg at 70 days of age |
Subjects: Wistar(Han) rats Chemical: Dioxin (TCDD) Low doses tested: 0.05, 0.20, or 1.0 μg/kg bw Route of administration: dissolved in corn oil and delivered through gavage Exposure duration: gestational day 15 – single dose (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 6 to day 1 of week 7) Age of measurement: birth through 120 days of age |
Reference [PubMed Link] Bell DR, Clode S, Fan MQ, Fernandes A, Foster PMD, Jiang T, Loizou G, Macnicoll A, Miller BG, Rose M, Tran L, White S. 2007. Toxicity of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in the developing male Wistar(Han) rat. I: No decrease in epididymal sperm count after a single acute dose. Toxicol Sci 99(1):214-223. |
| Study Results | Study Details | References |
Results for Dioxin (TCDD)Decreased mean average path and straight line velocity of epididymal sperm at 1.0 μg/kg at 70 days of age; increased abnormal epididymal sperm at all doses at 70 days of age; increased epididymal sperm counts at 0.20 and 1.0 μg/kg at 120 days of age; increased mean curvilinear velocity of sperm at 0.20 μg/kg at 120 days of age; increased abnormal sperm at 0.05 and 0.20 μg/kg at 120 days of age; decreased testes weight at 1.0 μg/kg at 70 and 120 days of age |
Subjects: Wistar(Han) rats Chemical: Dioxin (TCDD) Low doses tested: 0.05, 0.20, or 1.0 μg/kg bw Route of administration: dissolved in corn oil and delivered through gavage Exposure duration: gestational day 15 – single dose (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 6 to day 1 of week 7) Age of measurement: birth through 120 days of age |
Reference [PubMed Link] Bell DR, Clode S, Fan MQ, Fernandes A, Foster PMD, Jiang T, Loizou G, Macnicoll A, Miller BG, Rose M, Tran L, White S. 2007. Toxicity of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in the developing male Wistar(Han) rat. I: No decrease in epididymal sperm count after a single acute dose. Toxicol Sci 99(1):214-223. |
| Study Results | Study Details | References |
Results for Dioxin (TCDD)Increased age of preputial separation by in utero exposure (with and without lactational exposure); decreased seminal vesicle weight, protein, and DNA content at 63 days of age by all exposure routes; decreased cauda epididymal sperm reserves at 63 days by all exposure routes; decreased diameter of glans penis at 63 days of age by in utero exposure (with and without lactational exposure) |
Subjects: Holtzman rats Chemical: Dioxin (TCDD) Low doses tested: 1.0 μg/kg Route of administration: dissolved in corn oil and delivered orally Exposure duration: gestational day 15 (and cross-fostered at birth) – single dose (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 6 to day 1 of week 7) Age of measurement: birth through 140 days of age |
Reference [PubMed Link] Bjerke DL, Peterson RE. 1994. Reproductive toxicity of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in male-rats - different effects of in utero versus lactational exposure. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 127(2):241-249. |
| Study Results | Study Details | References |
Results for Dioxin (TCDD)Decreased ventral prostate weight, protein, and DNA content at 63 days of age by all exposure routes |
Subjects: Holtzman rats Chemical: Dioxin (TCDD) Low doses tested: 1.0 μg/kg Route of administration: dissolved in corn oil and delivered orally Exposure duration: gestational day 15 (and cross-fostered at birth) – single dose (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 6 to day 1 of week 7) Age of measurement: birth through 140 days of age |
Reference [PubMed Link] Bjerke DL, Peterson RE. 1994. Reproductive toxicity of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in male-rats - different effects of in utero versus lactational exposure. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 127(2):241-249. |
| Study Results | Study Details | References |
Results for Dioxin (TCDD)Decreased daily sperm production at 63 days of age by in utero exposure (with and without lactational exposure) |
Subjects: Holtzman rats Chemical: Dioxin (TCDD) Low doses tested: 1.0 μg/kg Route of administration: dissolved in corn oil and delivered orally Exposure duration: gestational day 15 (and cross-fostered at birth) – single dose (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 6 to day 1 of week 7) Age of measurement: birth through 140 days of age |
Reference [PubMed Link] Bjerke DL, Peterson RE. 1994. Reproductive toxicity of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in male-rats - different effects of in utero versus lactational exposure. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 127(2):241-249. |
| Study Results | Study Details | References |
Results for Dioxin (TCDD)Increased age at preputial separation |
Subjects: Holtzman rats Chemical: Dioxin (TCDD) Low doses tested: 0.7 μg/kg Route of administration: dissolved in corn oil and delivered through gavage Exposure duration: gestational day 15 – single dose (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 6 to day 1 of week 7) Age of measurement: birth through 84 days of age |
Reference [PubMed Link] Bjerke DL, Sommer RJ, Moore RW, Peterson RE. 1994. Effects of in utero and lactational 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin exposure on responsiveness of the male rat reproductive system to testosterone stimulation in adulthood. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 127(2):250-257. |
| Study Results | Study Details | References |
Results for Dioxin (TCDD)Decreased ventral prostate weight and protein content among rats castrated in adulthood and implanted with graded lengths of testosterone-containing Silastic capsules for 3 weeks |
Subjects: Holtzman rats Chemical: Dioxin (TCDD) Low doses tested: 0.7 μg/kg Route of administration: dissolved in corn oil and delivered through gavage Exposure duration: gestational day 15 – single dose (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 6 to day 1 of week 7) Age of measurement: birth through 84 days of age |
Reference [PubMed Link] Bjerke DL, Sommer RJ, Moore RW, Peterson RE. 1994. Effects of in utero and lactational 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin exposure on responsiveness of the male rat reproductive system to testosterone stimulation in adulthood. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 127(2):250-257. |
| Study Results | Study Details | References |
Results for Dioxin (TCDD)Increased age of testes descent; decreased paired testes weight at 63 days of age |
Subjects: Holtzman rats Chemical: Dioxin (TCDD) Low doses tested: 0.7 μg/kg Route of administration: dissolved in corn oil and delivered through gavage Exposure duration: gestational day 15 – single dose (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 6 to day 1 of week 7) Age of measurement: birth through 84 days of age |
Reference [PubMed Link] Bjerke DL, Sommer RJ, Moore RW, Peterson RE. 1994. Effects of in utero and lactational 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin exposure on responsiveness of the male rat reproductive system to testosterone stimulation in adulthood. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 127(2):250-257. |
| Study Results | Study Details | References |
Results for Dioxin (TCDD)Increased weight of seminal vesicles at 15 days of age; decreased weight of epididymis at 30 days of age at 1.0 μg/kg |
Subjects: Sprague-Dawley rat Chemical: Dioxin (TCDD) Low doses tested: 0.2, or 1.0 μg/kg bw Route of administration: dissolved in corn oil and delivered through gavage Exposure duration: gestational day 15 – single dose (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 6 to day 1 of week 7) Age of measurement: 15 through 120 days of age |
Reference [PubMed Link] Cooke GM, Price CA, Oko RJ. 1998. Effects of in utero and lactational exposure to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) on serum androgens and steroidogenic enzyme activities in the male rat reproductive tract. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 67(4):347-354. |
| Study Results | Study Details | References |
Results for Dioxin (TCDD)Decreased activity of testis 17-hydroxylase at days 30, 45, and 90 at 1.0 μg/kg; increased activity of testis 3β-HSD, 17β-HSD, and 5α-reductase at 45 days of age at 1.0 μg/kg; decreased activity of testis 17β-HSD at 90 days of age at 1.0 μg/kg |
Subjects: Sprague-Dawley rat Chemical: Dioxin (TCDD) Low doses tested: 0.2, or 1.0 μg/kg bw Route of administration: dissolved in corn oil and delivered through gavage Exposure duration: gestational day 15 – single dose (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 6 to day 1 of week 7) Age of measurement: 15 through 120 days of age |
Reference [PubMed Link] Cooke GM, Price CA, Oko RJ. 1998. Effects of in utero and lactational exposure to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) on serum androgens and steroidogenic enzyme activities in the male rat reproductive tract. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 67(4):347-354. |
| Study Results | Study Details | References |
Results for Dioxin (TCDD)Decreased relative and absolute weight of seminal vesicle tissue at 49 days of age and older; decreased absolute and relative weight of seminal vesicle fluid at 49 days of age; decreased total and relative weight of seminal vesicles between 32 and 63 days of age |
Subjects: Long Evans rat Chemical: Dioxin (TCDD) Low doses tested: 1.0 μg/kg bw Route of administration: dissolved in corn oil and delivered through gavage Exposure duration: gestational day 15 – single dose (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 6 to day 1 of week 7) Age of measurement: 15 through 120 days of age |
Reference [PubMed Link] Hamm JT, Sparrow BR, Wolf D, Birnbaum LS. 2000. In utero and lactational exposure to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin alters postnatal development of seminal vesicle epithelium. Toxicol Sci 54(2):424-430. |
| Study Results | Study Details | References |
Results for Dioxin (TCDD)Decreased anogenital distance for males at 2 days of age at 0.8 μg/kg |
Subjects: Holtzman rats Chemical: Dioxin (TCDD) Low doses tested: 0.2 or 0.8 μg/kg bw Route of administration: dissolved in corn oil and delivered through gavage Exposure duration: gestational day 15 – single dose (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 6 to day 1 of week 7) Age of measurement: 2 through 84 days of age |
Reference [PubMed Link] Ikeda M, Mitsui T, Setani K, Tamura M, Kakeyama M, Sone H, Tohyama C, Tomita T. 2005. In utero and lactational exposure to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in rats disrupts brain sexual differentiation. Toxicology & Applied Pharmacology 205(1):98-105. |
| Study Results | Study Details | References |
Results for Dioxin (TCDD)Increased synthesis of testosterone at 5 days of age at 0.8 μg/kg |
Subjects: Holtzman rats Chemical: Dioxin (TCDD) Low doses tested: 0.2 or 0.8 μg/kg bw Route of administration: dissolved in corn oil and delivered through gavage Exposure duration: gestational day15 – single dose (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 6 to day 1 of week 7) Age of measurement: 2 through 49 days of age |
Reference [PubMed Link] Ishizuka M, Yonemoto J, Zaha H, Tohyama C, Sone H. 2003. Perinatal exposure to low doses of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin alters sex-dependent expression of hepatic CYP2C11. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 17(5):278-285. |
| Study Results | Study Details | References |
Results for Dioxin (TCDD)Decreased relative anogenital distance (AGD/CRL) at 1 and 4 days of age at 0.16, 0.40, and 1.0 μg/kg; decreased seminal vesicle weight at 32, 49, and 63 days of age at 0.16, 0.40, and 1.0 μg/kg |
Subjects: Holtzman rats Chemical: Dioxin (TCDD) Low doses tested: 0.064, 0.16, 0.40, or 1.0 μg/kg bw Route of administration: dissolved in corn oil and delivered orally Exposure duration: gestational day 15 – single dose (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 6 to day 1 of week 7) Age of measurement: birth through sexual maturation |
Reference [PubMed Link] Mably TA, Moore RW, Peterson RE. 1992. In utero and lactational exposure of male-rats to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-para-dioxin. 1. Effects on androgenic status. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 114(1):97-107. |
| Study Results | Study Details | References |
Results for Dioxin (TCDD)Decreased relative anogenital distance (AGD/CRL) at 1 through 5 days of age |
Subjects: Holtzman rats Chemical: Dioxin (TCDD) Low doses tested: 1.0 μg/kg bw Route of administration: dissolved in corn oil and delivered orally Exposure duration: gestational day 15 – single dose (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 6 to day 1 of week 7) Age of measurement: gestational day 18 through 5 days of age |
Reference [PubMed Link] Mably TA, Moore RW, Peterson RE. 1992. In utero and lactational exposure of male-rats to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-para-dioxin. 1. Effects on androgenic status. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 114(1):97-107. |
| Study Results | Study Details | References |
Results for Dioxin (TCDD)Decreased ventral prostate weight at various times and doses |
Subjects: Holtzman rats Chemical: Dioxin (TCDD) Low doses tested: 0.064, 0.16, 0.40, or 1.0 μg/kg bw Route of administration: dissolved in corn oil and delivered orally Exposure duration: gestational day 15 – single dose (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 6 to day 1 of week 7) Age of measurement: birth through sexual maturation |
Reference [PubMed Link] Mably TA, Moore RW, Peterson RE. 1992. In utero and lactational exposure of male-rats to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-para-dioxin. 1. Effects on androgenic status. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 114(1):97-107. |
| Study Results | Study Details | References |
Results for Dioxin (TCDD)Increased age for testis descent at 0.16, 0.40, and 1.0 μg/kg |
Subjects: Holtzman rats Chemical: Dioxin (TCDD) Low doses tested: 0.064, 0.16, 0.40, or 1.0 μg/kg bw Route of administration: dissolved in corn oil and delivered orally Exposure duration: gestational day 15 – single dose (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 6 to day 1 of week 7) Age of measurement: birth through sexual maturation |
Reference [PubMed Link] Mably TA, Moore RW, Peterson RE. 1992. In utero and lactational exposure of male-rats to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-para-dioxin. 1. Effects on androgenic status. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 114(1):97-107. |
| Study Results | Study Details | References |
Results for Dioxin (TCDD)Decreased expression of cytochrome P450 17 (CYP17) mRNA and protein; decreased progesterone 17-hydroxylase activity |
Subjects: Wistar rats Chemical: Dioxin (TCDD) Low doses tested: 1.0 μg/kg bw Route of administration: dissolved in corn oil and delivered orally Exposure duration: gestational day 15 – single dose (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 6 to day 1 of week 7) Age of measurement: gestational day 20 |
Reference [PubMed Link] Taketoh J, Mutoh J, Takeda T, Ogishima T, Takeda S, Ishii Y, Ishida T, Yamada H. 2007. Suppression of fetal testicular cytochrome P450 17 by maternal exposure to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin: A mechanism involving an initial effect on gonadotropin synthesis in the pituitary. Life Sci 80(14):1259-1267. |
| Study Results | Study Details | References |
Results for Dioxin (TCDD)Decreased testicular levels of StAR and Cyp17 mRNA and protein. Decreased testosterone levels in the testes |
Subjects: Wistar rats Chemical: Dioxin (TCDD) Low doses tested: 1.0 μg/kg bw Route of administration: dissolved in corn oil and administered orally Exposure duration: gestational day 15 – single dose (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 6 to day 1 of week 7) Age of measurement: gestational day 20 |
Reference [PubMed Link] Koga T, Ishida T, Takeda T, Ishii Y, Uchi H, Tsukimori K, Yamamoto M, Himeno M, Furue M, Yamada H. 2012. Restoration of dioxin-induced damage to fetal steroidogenesis and gonadotropin formation by maternal co-treatment with alpha-lipoic acid. PLoS One 7(7):e40322. |
| Study Results | Study Details | References |
Results for Dioxin (TCDD)Alterations the expression of Ahrr, Gzmf, Hpgds, Fgf13, and Art2b on post-natal day 5 |
Subjects: Sprague Dawley rats Chemical: Dioxin (TCDD) Low doses tested: 200.00 ng/kg bw Route of administration: dissolved in sesame oil and administered orally Exposure duration: gestational day 15 – single dose (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 6 to day 1 of week 7) Age of measurement: post-natal days 3, 5, 6, 10, 12 ,14, 25, 28, 40, 67, and 145 |
Reference [PubMed Link] Magre S, Rebourcet D, Ishaq M, Wargnier R, Debard C, Meugnier E, Vidal H, Cohen-Tannoudji J, Le Magueresse-Battistoni B. 2012. Gender differences in transcriptional signature of developing rat testes and ovaries following embryonic exposure to 2,3,7,8-TCDD. PLoS One 7(7):e40306. |
| Study Results | Study Details | References |
Results for Dioxin (TCDD)Decreased caput and cauda epididymal sperm count in males exposed to 200 ng/kg TCDD on post-natal day 67. Down-regulation of testicular Ccl5/Rantes levels on post-natal days 5, 28, 40, 67, and 145 at the 200 ng/kg exposure level and downregulation at 100 ng/kg on post-natal days 67 and 145. |
Subjects: Sprague Dawley rats Chemical: Dioxin (TCDD) Low doses tested: 10.0, 100.0, and 200.0 ng/kg bw Route of administration: dissolved in sesame oil and administered orally Exposure duration: gestational day 15 – single dose (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 6 to day 1 of week 7) Age of measurement: post-natal days 5, 7, 10, 12, 14, 28, 40, 67 and 145 |
Reference [PubMed Link] Rebourcet D, Odet F, Verot A, Combe E, Meugnier E, Pesenti S, Leduque P, Dechaud H, Magre S, Le Magueresse-Battistoni B. 2010. The effects of an in utero exposure to 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin on male reproductive function: identification of Ccl5 as a potential marker. Int J Androl 33(2):413-424. |
| Study Results | Study Details | References |
Results for Dioxin (TCDD)Decreased mRNA expression of StAR and CYP17 in the testes on gestational day 18, 20 and 21 and post-natal day 2, and gestational days 20 and 21 and post-natal days 0 and 2 respectively. Decreases in StAR protein expression on gestational day 20 and 21 and post-natal day 2. |
Subjects: Wistar rats Chemical: Dioxin (TCDD) Low doses tested: 1.0 μg/kg bw Route of administration: dissolved in corn oil and administered orally Exposure duration: gestational day 15 – single dose (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 6 to day 1 of week 7) Age of measurement: gestational days 18, 19, 20 and 21 post-natal days 0, 2, 4 and 7 |
Reference [PubMed Link] Takeda T, Fujii M, Taura J, Ishii Y, Yamada H. 2012. Dioxin silences gonadotropin expression in perinatal pups by inducing histone deacetylases: a new insight into the mechanism for the imprinting of sexual immaturity by dioxin. J Biol Chem 287(22):18440-18450. |
| Study Results | Study Details | References |
Results for Dioxin (TCDD)Decreased ventral prostate weight on post-natal day 98 |
Subjects: Wistar rats Chemical: Dioxin (TCDD) Low doses tested: 1.0 μg/kg bw Route of administration: dissolved in corn oil and administered orally Exposure duration: gestational day 15 – single dose (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 6 to day 1 of week 7) Age of measurement: gestational day 20, post-natal days 21, 49, 56, 70, 91, 98, and 10 and 13 weeks of age |
Reference [PubMed Link] Takeda T, Matsumoto Y, Koga T, Mutoh J, Nishimura Y, Shimazoe T, Ishii Y, Ishida T, Yamada H. 2009. Maternal exposure to dioxin disrupts gonadotropin production in fetal rats and imprints defects in sexual behavior. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 329(3):1091-1099. |
| Study Results | Study Details | References |
Results for Dioxin (TCDD)Decreased StAR, Cyp11A1, Cyp19, 3β-HSD, and Cyp17 testicular mRNA levels at gestational day 20. |
Subjects: Wistar rats Chemical: Dioxin (TCDD) Low doses tested: 1.0 μg/kg bw Route of administration: dissolved in corn oil and administered orally Exposure duration: gestational day 15 – single dose (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 6 to day 1 of week 7) Age of measurement: gestational day 20, post-natal days 21, 49, 56, 70, 91, 98, and 10 and 13 weeks of age |
Reference [PubMed Link] Takeda T, Matsumoto Y, Koga T, Mutoh J, Nishimura Y, Shimazoe T, Ishii Y, Ishida T, Yamada H. 2009. Maternal exposure to dioxin disrupts gonadotropin production in fetal rats and imprints defects in sexual behavior. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 329(3):1091-1099. |